Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv ntawm kev npaj, xws li qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thawj, cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov additives, kev siv technology thiab ntau npaum li cas daim ntawv ntawm kev npaj, thiab lwm yam. Niaj hnub no peb yuav siv cov khoom kub tsis ntev los no pyraclostrobin li. ib qho piv txwv, los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thawj zaug ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm kev npaj yog tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus, purity, thiab lwm yam., txhawm rau teb cov neeg siv cov lus nug txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv.
Pyraclostrobin yog methoxyacrylate fungicide tsim los ntawm BASF hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws yog nyiam los ntawm cov neeg siv rau nws qhov dav spectrum, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev nyab xeeb, kev noj qab haus huv thiab ntau lawm. Nws tau tsim los ua tus thib peb loj tshaj plaws fungicide nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Kev lag luam hauv tsev kuj tau txuas ntxiv los ntawm cov qoob loo nyiaj ntsuab mus rau cov qoob loo, thiab kev siv tseem loj hlob sai.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cia peb nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm "crystal". Cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv lub xeev yaj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam thaum lub sij hawm crystallization, thiab txoj kev sib txuas ntawm intramolecular los yog intermolecular yuav hloov, ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov molecules lossis atoms hauv qhov chaw lattice, tsim cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv, uas yog hu ua crystal forms. Cov ntaub ntawv siv lead ua sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tib yam tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv solubility, melting point, dissolution rate, thiab lwm yam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qee cov tshuaj insoluble, crystal form muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov ntsiab lus thiab purity ntawm thawj cov tshuaj muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev npaj. Cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj qub yuav muaj cov impurities sib txawv, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev npaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm pyraclostrobin technical tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam feem ntau yog 98 feem pua, thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis txawv ntau. Ntxiv mus, thaum kev npaj ua tiav, nws hloov dua siab tshiab thiab pub raws li feem pua. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus tam sim no ntawm pyraclostrobin technical Effects muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm purity ntawm thawj cov tshuaj ntawm kev npaj yuav tsis raug ignored. Nws yog qhov paub zoo tias cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog cov khoom sib xyaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sib xyaw ntawm isomers. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov tshuaj tua kab organic yog seb cov khoom xyaw nquag tshaj plaws tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov sib piv ntau dua, uas yog, txhawm rau txhim kho cov purity ntawm cov tshuaj qub, uas tseem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev siv cov nyhuv. ntawm kev npaj.
Raws li tsab ntawv patent ntawm pyraclostrobin siv lead ua daim ntawv thov los ntawm BASF thaum Lub Rau Hli 19, 2006, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias: pyraclostrobin cov tshuaj nquag tuaj yeem muab faib ua amorphous daim ntawv thiab siv lead ua daim ntawv, thiab crystalline daim ntawv ntawm pyraclostrobin yog dawb lossis lub teeb beige tsw tsw ntxhiab. , yooj yim soluble hauv acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene, dichloromethane, cyclohexanone, acetonitrile, soluble hauv methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-octanol thiab lwm yam organic solvents, me ntsis soluble hauv n- Heptane, insoluble hauv dej (1. / L, 20 degree). Suav Patent Publication No. CN101203136B kuj nthuav tawm plaub daim ntawv siv lead ua pyraclostrobin: Daim Ntawv I, Daim Ntawv II, Daim Ntawv III thiab Daim Ntawv IV, uas Daim Ntawv IV yog daim ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua rau cov nyhuv ntawm pyraclostrobin yog thawj zaug vim tias pyraclostrobin cov tshuaj nquag muaj zog, thiab tsuas yog cov khib nyiab koom nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua; thib ob, bioavailability ntawm pyraclostrobin los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv lead ua sib txawv Qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov degree feem ntau yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Thaum pyraclostrobin tau yaj tag lawm, qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv siv lead ua yuav tsis muaj lawm.
Thaum ua daim ntawv ncua kev noj tshuaj, cov ntaub ntawv siv lead ua sib txawv ntawm pyraclostrobin muaj kev sib tsoo sib txawv, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Thaum pyraclostrobin yog yaj, piv txwv li, nws tau npaj rau hauv ib qho emulsifiable mloog zoo los yog lwm yam kev npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho yaj lub xeev, lub cawv ntawm crystal daim ntawv ntawm pyraclostrobin ntawm kev npaj yuav tsis muaj lawm. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog thaum pyraclostrobin siv los ua cov txheej txheem ncua kev kawm, qhov purity ntawm pyraclostrobin, uas yog, cov teeb meem siv lead ua teeb meem.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua rau cov nyhuv ntawm pyraclostrobin kuj tau tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Vim tias cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj thawj zaug muaj qhov sib txawv hardness thiab melting point, qhov kev tiv thaiv tsim tawm thaum lub sij hawm sib tsoo kuj sib txawv. Piv txwv li, siv lead ua daim ntawv kuv yog npaj los ntawm melting pyraclostrobin tom qab txias txias, thiab lub melting point range yog 55-56 degrees; Crystal form II yog pyraclostrobin yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic lossis cov kuab tshuaj sib xyaw, thiab tom qab ntawd volatilized thiab txias Nws yog npaj los ntawm kev pib crystallization, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus melting yog 57-58 degrees; siv lead ua III yog tau los ntawm crystallizing pyraclostrobin yaj ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab nws melting point range yog 59-60 degrees; crystal form IV yog pyraclostrobin Strostrobin yog yaj nyob rau hauv cov organic hnyav los yog ib qho hnyav hnyav, thiab tom qab ntawd induced kom crystallize. Lub melting point range yog 62-72 degrees, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws kub yog 65-67 degrees. Yog li ntawd, thaum ua cov tshuaj pyraclostrobin, yog tias cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj thawj zaug raug xaiv, yuav muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm lawv. Vim li no, BASF tau thov rau daim ntawv siv lead ua patent 11 xyoo tom qab thov kev sib xyaw patent.
Kab lus no piav qhia los ntawm nam ntawm daim ntawv siv lead ua ntawm cov tshuaj thawj yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm tib cov ntsiab lus thiab cov tuam txhab sib txawv. Kev ua tau zoo yog ib txwm ua lub neej ntawm cov khoom, thiab tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov kev npaj tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tag nrho. Nws ntseeg tau tias nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam pyraclostrobin yav tom ntej, kev kov yeej lub bottleneck ntawm cov txheej txheem purification yuav pab cov kev npaj kom nthuav dav daim ntawv thov ntawm cov qoob loo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub neej voj voog ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej.
