Azoxystrobin, acetostrobin thiab pyraclostrobin yuav tsum yog cov tshuaj fungicides nrov tshaj plaws hauv ob xyoos dhau los. Lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv tau muab rho tawm los ntawm ib hom nceb, thiab lawv txhua tus yog methoxyacrylates.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv ob leeg hu ua "mycoesters"?
Peb cov fungicides tag nrho muaj kev tiv thaiv, kho, thiab tshem tawm. Qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws yog tias azoxystrobin tsis tshua muaj zog dua li ob qho tib si, pyraclostrobin muaj zog dua li thawj ob, thiab azoxystrobin yog permeable ntau dua.
Yog tias peb cov fungicides no tau tsim nyob rau tib hnub, txhua tus neeg nkag siab ntawm lawv yuav tsis siab li niaj hnub no, vim tias lawv zoo sib xws.
Qhov laj thawj vim li cas qee tus neeg hais tias fenoxystrobin tsis tau ua haujlwm zoo hauv ob xyoos dhau los yog vim tias fenoxystrobin tau tsim ua ntej thiab kev tiv thaiv tau nce.
Pyraclostrobin yog cov khoom siv tshiab, tsis tshua muaj zog thiab nquag nquag.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tswj xyuas thaum ntxov, azoxystrobin thiab pyraclostrobin sib npaug sib npaug, thiab lawv cov teebmeem tom qab kho tau sib npaug. Vim yog qhov zoo ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm azoxystrobin thiab pyraclostrobin, ob qho no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua hauv kev siv tswv yim.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj nce cov dej siv hauv cov tshuaj tsuag fenoxystrobin thiab tshuaj tsuag nws ntau dua, cov nyhuv yuav tsis txawv ntau.
Cov tshuaj siv tau zoo heev, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem siv ib leeg ntev.
Nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm ntau tus neeg, peb "mycoesters" no muaj ib tug dav bactericidal spectrum thiab zoo heev nyob rau hauv kev kho cov kab mob. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj cov tshuaj siab. Me me tsis paub tias qhov no tsuas yog pov tseg ntawm cov teebmeem muaj zog ntawm cov fungicides.
Cov khawv koob ntawm methoxyacrylate yog tias nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob spores.
Tam sim no peb nkag siab qhov no, cia peb tham txog yuav ua li cas siv nws zoo tshaj plaws.
(1) Hom fungicide no zoo tshaj plaws siv ua ntej spores germinate. Txawm hais tias qhov no tsis muaj tseeb, tsis muaj leej twg yuav txau cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej pom qhov txhab, thiab nws kim heev.
(2) Yog tias muaj mob tshwm sim, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv hom fungicide no yog los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hyphae thiab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thib ob ntawm cov kab mob, tsis yog ncaj qha thiab tua cov kab mob sai.
(3) Thov sim txo cov sij hawm uas koj siv tus neeg sawv cev no. Lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog ib leeg heev, thiab kev tawm tsam sai sai. Koj tuaj yeem siv nws peb zaug hauv ib lub caij.
Tsis txhob cia siab tias yuav siv nws ib leeg los tua cov kab mob. Cov kev ua ub no yeej tsis txawv ntau ntawm lwm cov tshuaj fungicides, tab sis kev tiv thaiv cov nyhuv thiab lub sij hawm ntawm cov nyhuv yog zoo dua.
Yog li ntawd, ib tus neeg sawv cev tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob mus ntev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv nws nrog lwm cov fungicides lossis siv cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke.
Tau kawg, peb hom khoom no tsis tuaj yeem siv ua ke. Nws yog khib nyiab thiab yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau.
Muaj zog permeability kuj yog ib qho teeb meem
Peb cov fungicides no muaj zog nkag tau zoo.
(1) Thaum azoxystrobin tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug, nws tau hais meej meej tias yuav tsum tsis txhob tov nrog silicone thiab emulsifiable concentrate. Qhov no yog vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj nyob rau hauv lub seedling theem.
Paub phytotoxicity: Azoxystrobin yuav ua rau phytotoxicity ntawm Gala txiv apples, thiab azoxystrobin + EC yuav ua rau phytotoxicity ntawm Shanghai Qing.
(2) Pyraclostrobin yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev siv yeeb tshuaj tsawg.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub zog permeability tso cai rau hom fungicide no ua tau zoo sib xws nrog cov nplooj ntawm nplooj, zoo heev txhim kho cov nyhuv tswj thiab lub sij hawm, tab sis nws kuj tso siab rau cov kev xav tau siab dua rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev siv ntawm ib tus neeg cov khoom.
Kev sau npe thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm 3 fungicides
Azoxystrobin
Yuav siv tau los tiv thaiv thiab kho 33 kab mob.
Zaub:
Txiv lws suav thaum ntxov blight, lig blight thiab nplooj pwm; dib downy mildew, powdery mildew, scab thiab vine blight; lub caij ntuj no melon downy mildew thiab anthracnose. Lufa downy mildew; kua txob anthracnose thiab blight; qos yaj ywm lig blight, ntxov blight thiab dub mole kab mob.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo:
Grape downy mildew, dawb rot thiab black pox; citrus anthracnose thiab scab; watermelon anthracnose; lychee downy mildew; txiv tsawb nplooj chaw; txiv nkhaus taw anthracnose.
Hom teb:
Soybean xeb; nplej blast thiab sheath blight, thiab lwm yam.
Siv kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov txiv lws suav lig blight, nplooj pwm thiab dib powdery mildew, scab thiab vine blight ua piv txwv:
Pib txau thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, thiab siv 60 mus rau 90 g ntawm azoxystrobin 250 g / L ncua kev npaj rau ib daim av (15 mus rau 22.5 g ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag) tov nrog dej thiab tshuaj tsuag. Siv ib zaug txhua 7 mus rau 10 hnub, nrog rau lub sijhawm nyab xeeb ntawm 5 hnub, thiab siv txog li 3 zaug hauv ib lub caij.
Acetostrobin
Cov kab mob bactericidal tsis yog dav li azoxystrobin, tab sis nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob mildew thiab lwm yam kab mob. Meprostrobin tau sau npe rau 15 cov qoob loo hauv kuv lub tebchaws thiab siv los tswj 13 kab mob.
Zaub:
Txiv lws suav powdery mildew; txiv lws suav thaum ntxov blight.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo:
Strawberry powdery mildew; appley mildew, pom defoliation thiab scab; pear ntoo scab; grape downy mildew; txiv tsawb nplooj chaw, thiab lwm yam.
Hom teb:
Nplej powdery mildew thiab xeb,
Coj kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj ntawm strawberry powdery mildew ua piv txwv:
Pib txau ua ntej pib muaj tus kab mob los yog thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, thiab tshuaj tsuag nrog 3000 mus rau 5000 zaug ntawm distrostrobin 50% dej-dispersible granules (zoo concentration 100 mus rau 166.7 mg / kg). Txau ib zaug txhua 7 mus rau 14 hnub, nrog lub sijhawm nyab xeeb ntawm 5 hnub, thiab siv txog li 3 zaug hauv ib lub caij.
Los yog siv 30% mus rau 40 g ntawm 30% wettable hmoov npaj ntawm fenacetostrobin (9 mus rau 12 g ntawm active ingredient) tov nrog dej thiab tshuaj tsuag. Siv ib zaug txhua 7 mus rau 14 hnub, nrog rau lub sijhawm nyab xeeb ntawm 5 hnub, thiab siv tshuaj tua kab txog 4 zaug hauv ib lub caij.
Pyraclostrobin
Nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj zog tshaj plaws, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob spores, thiab muaj peev xwm kho tau, thiab tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Pyraclostrobin muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov nroj tsuag, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qoob loo physiological zog thiab txhim kho cov qoob loo kev ntxhov siab.
Zaub:
Cucumber powdery mildew thiab downy mildew; zaub qhwv anthracnose.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo:
Txiv nkhaus taw thiab txiv nkhaus taw anthracnose; Banana scab, anthracnose, nplooj nplooj thiab ncej rot.
Hom teb:
Cov nyom xim av; tshuaj yej tsob ntoo anthracnose; pob kws qhov chaw thiab cov nroj tsuag kev noj qab haus huv, thiab lwm yam.
Siv cov kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj ntawm cabbage anthracnose ua piv txwv:
Pib txau ua ntej qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob los yog thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Siv 30 mus rau 50 mL ntawm 25% pyraclostrobin EC ib evkawj (cov khoom xyaw nquag 7.5 txog 12.5 g) tov nrog dej thiab tshuaj tsuag. Siv ib zaug txhua 7 mus rau 10 hnub, nrog rau lub sijhawm nyab xeeb ntawm 14 hnub, thiab siv txog li 3 zaug hauv ib lub caij.
Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv thaum siv
1. Methoxyacrylate fungicides yog tag nrho cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab yog cross-resistant rau ib leeg.
(Txawm hais tias ib qho ntawm azoxystrobin, acetostrobin lossis pyraclostrobin siv, kev tiv thaiv rau tag nrho peb cov fungicides yuav tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm);
Nrog rau kev siv mus ntev, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic yuav nce sai, uas yog vim li cas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm azoxystrobin thiab acetrostrobin hauv kev tswj kab mob feem ntau tau tshaj tawm tias tau poob qis hauv xyoo tas los no.
2. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tswj tsis kam, tag nrho cov kev siv ntawm methoxyacrylate fungicides xws li azoxystrobin, acetostrobin lossis pyraclostrobin yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3 mus rau 4 zaug hauv txhua lub caij cog qoob loo; Nws yuav tsum tau siv alternated nrog rau lwm yam fungicides nrog txawv mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim (xws li triazoles, thiab lwm yam).
