1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) yog ib yam tshiab ntawm ethylene inhibitor pom nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov teebmeem ntawm endogenous thiab exogenous ethylene hauv cov nroj tsuag. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm 1-MCP preservative yog: thaum cog cov kab mob hauv lub cev loj hlob, ethylene ua cov tshuaj hormones paub tab yuav raug tsim thiab ua ke nrog cov receptors cuam tshuam hauv lub hlwb kom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj feem xyuam rau maturation thiab accelerate lub aging thiab tuag ntawm lub cev. Thiab l-MCP, uas muaj cov qauv molecular zoo sib xws rau ethylene, kuj tuaj yeem khi rau cov receptors no, yog li tiv thaiv kev tsim cov ethylene receptor complexes thiab thaiv cov teeb liab transduction induced los ntawm ethylene. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej tso tawm endogenous ethylene nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, siv 1 -MCP preservatives yuav preemptively khi rau cov receptors cuam tshuam, thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm ethylene thiab lawv thiab cov teebmeem tom qab, ncua cov txheej txheem ripening, thiab ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm freshness. kev khaws cia.
Ethylene yog cov roj uas muaj cov molecules me me heev. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los thiab khaws cia cov khoom lag luam horticultural. Nws txhawb kev yellowing, post-ripening, laus thiab shedding ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj, thiab nplooj. Tsawg concentrations ntawm ethylene muaj teeb meem rau cov nroj tsuag los yog sau Cov khoom ua liaj ua teb tom kawg yuav ua lub luag haujlwm loj. Ethylene yog hu ua "ripening hormone". Ethylene ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub zoo tom qab khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom cov laus thiab tom qab-ripening ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom ceev cov yellowing thiab softening ntawm ntsuab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. luag hauj lwm. Yellowing yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus tom qab kev laus ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Nws tau raug pov thawj tias qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm decomposition ntawm chlorophyll los ntawm ethylene, thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob yog ze ze rau ethylene.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ethylene rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua liaj ua teb yog ntau yam, thiab feem ntau txawv raws li hom qoob loo. Cov teebmeem tshwm sim ntau dua yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Txhawb nqa thaum ntxov tom qab ripening thiab softening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo: Txiv tsawb, txiv apples, txiv nkhaus taw thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau lub sij hawm ntev, ethylene yuav ua rau ntxov ntxov tom qab ripening, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia sai li sai tau tom qab tso tawm. -ripening, thiab yuav tsum tau muag sai li sai tau. Peaches, plums, thiab qee yam zaub xws li txiv lws suav, iab gourds, thiab lwm yam kuj muaj teeb meem tib yam.
2. Ua kom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuab: Piv txwv li, cov txiv qaub hauv tsev yuav tsum khaws cia ntsuab ntsuab, thiab qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo oriental txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xim ntsuab me ntsis, uas txhais tau hais tias cov freshness yog txo; ethylene tsawg yuav ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuab.
3. Ua kom cov pwm pwm ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: xws li strawberries, ethylene yuav nce pwm thiab rot.
4. Yellowing thiab shedding ntawm zaub: Broccoli yuav yellowed tiag nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj concentration ntawm ethylene. Feem ntau ntawm cov nplooj zaub yuav yellowed thaum lawv ntsib ethylene, thiab ib txhia ntawm lawv yuav poob lawv nplooj. Qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub xws li courgettes kuj yellowed los ntawm ethylene.
5. Txhawb nqa cov kab mob fibrosis ntawm qia zaub: xws li asparagus thiab xyoob tua, qhov kev txiav ntawm cov qoob loo yuav tsim cov ethylene, thiab ethylene yuav ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm incision fibrillate thaum ntxov, thiab cov fibrosis yuav txuas mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub qia, txo qhov edible qhov chaw.
6. Nws ua rau qee cov zaub tsis zoo: piv txwv li, cov carrots khaws cia muaj qhov tsw qab vim ethylene, thiab lettuce muaj xim av me ntsis vim ethylene.
7. Kev laus thiab poob ntawm cov paj txiav: xws li carnations, lilies, violets, thiab feem ntau orchids, thiab lwm yam, yuav muaj hnub nyoog sai heev thaum lawv ntsib ethylene, thiab paj buds yuav daj vim ethylene thiab ces poob.
8. Ua kom paj nplooj poob thiab poob tawm: xws li Christmas liab thiab ntau lub paj potted, cov nplooj poob thiab poob vim muaj zog ntawm ethylene.
Kev phom sij ntawm ethylene yuav tsis pom tseeb nyob rau hauv qhov cua zoo, tab sis nws qhov kev cuam tshuam tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tom qab sib sau ua ke hauv qhov chaw kaw. Cov khoom ua liaj ua teb feem ntau yuav tsim cov ethylene, tab sis qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Kev puas tsuaj, txiav qhov chaw, pwm, thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig yuav tsim ethylene. Txhawm rau ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom lag luam horticultural thiab ua kom lawv tshiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum inhibit qhov kev sib txuas ntawm endogenous ethylene hauv lub cev kom ntau li ntau tau lossis tiv thaiv ethylene los ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Ethylene plays lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev khi rau cov receptor tshwj xeeb hauv cov nroj tsuag. Tam sim no, nws ntseeg tau tias ethylene receptors yuav yog Zn-muaj proteins. 1-MCP tuaj yeem khi rau cov hlau ions ntawm ethylene receptors, inhibit qhov tsim ntawm ethylene receptor complexes, thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm ethylene receptor complexes. Teeb liab induced los ntawm ethylene breakage. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm endogenous ethylene yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, kev siv ntawm "1-MCP" yuav preemptively khi rau ethylene receptors, thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm ethylene nrog lawv thiab cov teebmeem tom qab, thiab ncua sij hawm ib ntus ntawm lub cev teb. ntawm ethylene. 1- MCP tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nyhuv ntawm ethylene, yog li ncua sijhawm ripening thiab aging txheej txheem ntawm ntau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, paj npaj thiab txiav paj. Cov nyhuv ntawm 1-MCP tsis tu ncua. Hauv cov nroj tsuag, 1-MCP molecules khi irreversibly rau ethylene receptors. Txawm hais tias kev khi ntawm 1-MCP rau cov receptors tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab, cov receptors tshiab tuaj yeem tsim tau thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nkag mus rau lub sijhawm hloov pauv, lub sijhawm cia lig tsis cuam tshuam rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub.
